You probably already have encountered this issue. When activating « Microsoft Teams Phone Standard », the user remains unable to receive or send a Teams Phone Call.
This is a bug from Microsoft.
You have to send a powershell command to enable EnterpriseVoice, even if the user has a licence
Install-module MicrosoftTeams -scope CurrentUser -force
Connect-MicrosoftTeams
#Gets users with PhoneSystem licence, but not activated
$users = Get-csonlineuser -Filter "EnterpriseVoiceEnabled -eq 'False' -AND FeatureTypes -contains 'PhoneSystem'"
#Activates EnterpriseVoice for each user with a PhoneSystem licence
Foreach ($user in $users){
Write-host "Enabling Enterprise Voice for $($user.DisplayName)"
Set-CsPhoneNumberAssignment -Identity $user.UserPrincipalName -EnterpriseVoiceEnabled $true
}